Members on about three organizations have been given personally the fresh Italian types of your UPPS-P Impulsive Conclusion Level (UPPS-P; ) while the DERS self-report surveys. Users was applied brand new UPPS-P additionally the DERS two to four days following first BPI management. All of the methods was given into the random purchase. Brand new BPI, brand new UPPS-P, plus the DERS were translated on the Italian of the two of the authors; for everybody tips, the fresh new adequacy of your Italian translations on their particular original sizes try controlled by English mommy-tongue top-notch translators by way of right back-translations.
Borderline Identity Index (BPI)
The BPI is a 53–item self–report questionnaire based on Kernberg’s concept of borderline love ru personality organization . It assesses a broad range of phenomenological manifestations of BPD pathology, including affectivity and identity disturbances, fear of closeness, interpersonal instability, self–harming/suicidal behavior, impulsive behavior, dissociative symptoms and psychotic symptoms. Applying a modification of the original true–false (yes/no) rating of the items , items were scored on a Likert-type scale with four levels of agreement ranging from “disagree strongly” to “agree strongly” . The BPI yields a total score that is a dimensional measure of overall BPD psychopathology (with higher scores corresponding to greater BPD psychopathology). Only the first 51 items of the BPI are summed to compute the BPI total score (which can range from 51 to 204). In adult participants, the BPI has been found to be a reliable and valid measure of BPD, with sensitivity and specificity data showing that the BPI identifies independently diagnosed patients with sufficient hit rates . Likewise, in adult participants, the BPI total score has been shown to yield good agreement with Gunderson’s DIB-R [46, 47] and DSM-III-R diagnostic criteria for BPD . Of particular relevance to this study, the BPI has also been found to be a reliable measure of BPD features in samples of adolescents . In support of the measure’s construct validity, scores on the Italian version of the BPI (Cronbach ? = .93) have been found to evidence significant associations with self-reports of childhood sexual abuse, r = .29, p < .001, childhood neglect, r = .33, p < .001, and emotion dysregulation (as assessed with the DERS), r = .39, p < .001, in a sample of Italian nonclinical adults (N = 431, 58.2% female, mean age = 35 ± 16).
In the present study, the Cronbach ? values of the BPI total scores were .91 and .97 in the screening sample (N = 1,157) and the three groups combined, respectively. Similar Cronbach ? values were observed for the BPI total score within each group. In the present study, a subsample of 75 adolescents (41.3% female, mean age = years, SD = 1.74) agreed to be re-administered the Italian version of the BPI one month after the first administration; the value of the test-retest reliability coefficient was good, r = .85, p < .001.
Difficulties in the Feelings Regulation Level (DERS)
New DERS was thirty-six-goods size giving a comprehensive research from total emotion dysregulation including half a dozen particular dimensions: nonacceptance of negative thinking, issues getting into purpose-led practices when disappointed, dilemmas controlling spontaneous routines when upset, limited entry to productive feelings regulation tips, not enough mental awareness, and you will not enough mental understanding. The new DERS has presented a good sample–retest accuracy and you may enough build and you may predictive legitimacy , which can be highly coordinated which have a fresh measure of emotion controls one of BPD customers (roentgen = -.63; find ). Then, new DERS is known getting an excellent interior surface and you may adequate build and you can convergent legitimacy certainly one of teens aged 11–17, and a comparable factor design to that utilized in grownups . In the present study, the newest DERS overall score shown adequate interior surface on the entire attempt (N = 91), Cronbach ? = .ninety, as well as in the newest higher-BPD class (Cronbach ? = .89), average-BPD group (Cronbach ? = .78), and you may reasonable-BPD classification (Cronbach ? = .79).